中国水稻科学

中国水稻科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 612-620.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2014.06.007

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

杂交籼稻F优498机械化种植的茎秆理化性状与抗倒伏性

雷小龙1,刘利1,刘波1 ,黄光忠2 ,马荣朝1,* ,任万军 1,*   

  1. 1四川农业大学/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室， 四川 温江 611130；2成都市郫县农村发展局， 四川 郫县 611730；
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-23 修回日期:2014-09-10 出版日期:2014-11-10 发布日期:2014-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 马荣朝1,*,任万军1,*
  • 基金资助:

    国家粮食丰产科技工程项目（2011BAD16B05，2013BAD07B132）；国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项（201303102）。

Physical and Chemical Characteristics and Lodging Resistance of Culm of indica Hybrid Rice F you 498 under Mechanical  Planting

LEI  Xiaolong 1, LIU Li1, LIU Bo1, HUANG Guangzhong 2, MA Rongchao 1,* , REN Wanjun 1,*   

  1. 1Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang 611130, China; 2 Pixian Bureau of Rural Development, Pixian 611730, China;
  • Received:2014-04-23 Revised:2014-09-10 Online:2014-11-10 Published:2014-11-10
  • Contact: MA Rongchao1,*, REN Wanjun1,*

PDF

摘要： 以F优498为材料，采用二因素裂区设计，在齐穗后25 d，研究了不同播期下3种种植方式对水稻主茎和分蘖茎基部节间的理化性状和抗倒伏能力的影响。结果表明，手插处理的抗倒伏能力显著强于机直播和机插，产量表现为机直播处理显著低于机插与手插。相关性分析表明，倒伏指数与重心高度、节间长度、弯曲力矩、N含量和P含量呈正相关，与茎秆外径、茎壁厚度、秆型指数、比茎质量、纤维素含量、木质素含量、可溶性糖含量、K含量、每穗粒数和产量负相关。与手插处理相比，机直播与机插处理的茎秆重心高度高，基部节间长，秆型指数和比茎质量小，N、P含量高，纤维素、木质素、可溶性糖和K含量较低，弯曲力矩大，折断弯矩较小，倒伏指数大。推迟播期使茎秆的重心高度上升，基部节间变得长、细、薄，充实度小，纤维素、木质素、可溶性糖和K含量明显下降，抗倒伏能力显著降低。水稻抗倒伏能力强的性状表现为茎秆的基部节间短而粗且充实度高，纤维素、木质素和K含量高；种植方式与播期改变了茎秆的物理结构和化学成分含量，这可能是引起倒伏指数变化的主要原因。

关键词: 杂交籼稻, 机械化种植, 理化性状, 倒伏指数

Abstract: In the twentyfifth day after full heading, the physical and chemical characteristics and lodging resistance of basal internodes in main stem and tillers  were studied under three planting methods at two sowing dates in a split plot field experiment with F you 498 as material. The results showed that lodging resistance of artificallytransplanted rice was significantly higher than that under mechanized planting, and the yield of mechanical  directseeding rice was significantly lower than that of the mechanical  transplanted and the artificial transplanted rice. Correlation analysis indicated that lodging index was positively correlated with gravity center height, internode length, bending moment and contents of N and P, and negatively correlated with internode diameter and thickness, culm type index, dry weight to length ratio of the of unit internode, contents of cellulose, lignin, soluble sugars and K, spikelet number per panicle and grain yield. Compared with artificial transplanting rice,mechanical directseeding and transplanting rice showed higher gravity center height, longer basal internodes and higher contents of N and P, smaller culm type index and RWLI(dry weight to length ratio of the internode). The lodging indexes were larger under mechanized directseeding and transplanting due to its larger bending moment and lower breaking moment. Gravity center height and internonde length increased and the internode diameter and thickness, plumpness status, contents of cellulose, lignin, soluble sugars and K and breaking moment lowered with delaying sowing date. Thus, lodging indexes under late sowing increased significantly. The short, thick and sturdy basal internode and higher contents of cellulose, lignin and K could help strength lodging resistance. The changes in structure and chemical contents of culm due to the changes in planting methods and sowing dates were probably the main reasons for the variation of lodging indexes.

Key words: indica hybrid rice, mechanized planting, physical and chemical characteristics, lodging index

中图分类号: